Bible map of ancient Middle East for Isaiah 60

Herders in Bible times

In Bible times, many people in the Middle East and North Africa lived as herders. They raised animals like sheep, goats, and camels. These animals provided milk, wool, and meat. Herders moved from place to place to find fresh grass and water for their animals.

Midian

In Midian, in what is now northwest Saudi Arabia, herders lived in the dry desert. They often traded with nearby lands, selling spices, gold, and animals. Moses, from the Bible, lived in Midian for a time and worked as a shepherd.

Ephah

Ephah was a group of people linked to Midian. They were known for raising camels, which were important for trade. Camels could carry heavy loads across the desert, making travel and business easier.

Kedar, Nebaioth

Kedar and Nebaioth were famous for their flocks of sheep and goats. Kedar, a tribe of Ishmael’s descendants, lived in tents and traded wool and livestock. Nebaioth, another tribe, also raised animals and may have had strong trade connections with nearby nations.

Sheba

Sheba was in southern Arabia (modern Yemen). This area was rich in trade goods like frankincense and myrrh. The Bible tells of the Queen of Sheba visiting King Solomon, possibly bringing camels loaded with gifts.

Cush

Cush (also called Nubia) was in Africa, south of Egypt. People there raised cattle near the Nile River. The rich farmland helped them grow food and take care of their animals.

These ancient herders played an important role in history. They provided food, clothing, and trade goods that connected different nations across the ancient world.